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Vor Ils

Do you NEED to be established on the localizer before starting the descend (ILS approach)?

I started using the lessons feature in FSX and in the process of flying blind, in my free time, I am practicing VOR approaches (perfect) and ILS approaches.

Now the thing is, I start my descend before I am established, I usually end up on the glide slope, but even when the ILS vertical needle is centered, I usually hit the runway at an angle from the runway, not straight!

So, is it because I am not getting established? Type is Cessna-172, by the way.

How are you doing this? If you're flying a full approach from the IAF (initial approach fix) then things tend to fall into place. The quick answer to your question is yes, you should be established on the localizer, pass the outer marker at the altitude given and the needles will be centered.

I don't know how much or how little you know, so I'll start from the beginning and give you a quick run through on a relatively simple ils approach and how it should be flown.

http://naco.faa.gov/d-tpp/0906/05715IL35R.PDF Look at the APA 35R Ils approach. Your approach begins with the IAF. No ifs ands or buts about it. There can be multiple IAF's, choose the most logical one. In this case it is CASSE, defined either by CASSE ndb, or by the FQF 205 radial at 17.7 DME. Either way of defining CASSE is perfectly acceptable, but the ndb is easier.

There are two ways to fly this approach. You can be vectored to the IAF (which is what usually happens unless you request pilot nav), or flying the procedure turn. Vectors are easy, atc gives you a heading to fly, then calls you when you're close and tells you what to expect. The procedure turn is a little more hands on, and more important to learn.

Start out by tuning and identifying both the ILS (111.3, identify by listening for the morris code when you press the nav button on the audio panel) Its good practice to set the obs, but it has no function on the ils, its for reference only. Then tune and identify CASSE (If you're doing this with the adf you have to continually identify the nav aid because there is no way to know if the signal is lost other than by listening for it.)

Fly to CASSE and turn to the outbound course. you'll have reverse sensing on a cdi (course deviation indicator), correct sensing on an hsi (horizontal situation indicator). The 172 in the game with steam gauges has a cdi, the G1000 has an hsi. Time your outbound course for one minute then fly the procedure turn as depicted. Turn left to 122 for one minute. Complete the arrow by turning to the right to 302, with a standard rate turn it will take one minute. Depending on winds you should quickly intercept the localizer, once you see the needle begin to move turn inbound to 347.

Back up and look at the altitudes. Stay at or above mea (min. enroute altitude) or msa (min. safe altitude as depicted on the approach plate in the circle in the upper left hand corner) depending on how you get to the iaf. Once you pass the iaf outbound you can descend to 9,000'. When you turn inbound you can descend to 8,000'. You must stay at 8,000' until you pass the LOM (locator outer marker). At that point you can either follow the ILS down the the dh (decision height)(6,085' in this case) or to the mda (min. descent altitude)(6,760')

That's the approach. The missed is described in the upper right hand corned, and also visually above the side view at the bottom of the chart.

There is no reason to not be aligned with the runway on any straight in approach. If its a vor, ndb, or gps -A then you will not be aligned. I have never seen an ILS that does not line up with a runways, but there are localizers that do not line up perfectly.

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FSX GPS GUIDE ILS VOR HOLD ILS FREQ FINDER



In Flight Simulator how do you make a VOR landing?

i have all the flight simulators and im not new to the gps and the intruments, if possible can you give the answer in steps, i can make a ILS landing but not a VOR

Well, every airport has a landing chart with designated altitudes to pass the VOR, what headings to turn from that VOR to reach the Outer Marker, then a procedure turn to intercept the glide slope and localizer. The charts also will contain your Decision Altitudes. W/O those charts, its really difficult to make a VOR landing. In FS2004 (which is what i have) I haven't been able to find these charts for every airport but a few examples are available in the Flight Lessons in the Instrument Rating section to help you. Good luck!!!

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